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Memory Management In Operting System


       ⇰  MEMORY MANAGEMENT :-

 To improve both the utilization of the CPU and the speed of its response to users, a general-purpose computer must keep several processes in memory. Many memory-management schemes exist, reflecting various approaches, and the effectiveness of each algorithm depends on the situation. Selection of a memory-management scheme for a system depends on many factors, especially on the hardware design of the system. Most algorithms require hardware support.


Memory management is one of the important functionality of operating system which handles or manages primary memory and moves processes back and forth between main memory and disk during execution (called swapping). Memory management keeps track of each and every memory location. It checks how much memory is to be allocated to processes. It decides which process will get memory at what time. 

Hence Memory Management is the process of controlling and coordinating computer memory, assigning portions known as blocks to various running programs to optimize the overall performance of the system. It is the most important function of an operating system that manages primary memory. It helps processes to move back and forward between the main memory and execution disk. 

Several methods are available that increase the effectiveness of memory management. There is virtual memory systems which separates the memory addresses used by a process from actual physical addresses. The quality of the virtual memory manager can have an extensive effect on overall system performance.

        ⇰  MEMORY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES :-

∗ The following are some common memory management techniques in operating system :-
i > Partitioned allocation:- In this technique memory is divided in different blocks or partitions. Each process is allocated according to the requirment.
ii > Paged memory management:- In this technique memory is divided into fixed sized units called page frames which is used in a virtual memory environment.
iii > Segmented technique :- In this technique memory is divided in different segments and   allocated memory doesn’t have to be contiguous.

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